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Language neutrality of the LLAMA test explored: The case of agglutinative languages and multiple writing systems
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In: Journal of the European Second Language Association; Vol 5, No 1 (2021); 87–100 ; 2399-9101 (2021)
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Data sets and analysis scripts for "Nouns slow down speech across structurally and culturally diverse languages" ...
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Data sets for "Nouns slow down speech across structurally and culturally diverse languages" ...
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Nouns slow down speech across structurally and culturally diverse languages
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Strunk, Jan; Hartmann, Iren; Wichmann, Soren; Danielsen, Swintha; de Jong, Nivja H.; Witzlack-Makarevich, Alena; Seifart, Frank; Pakendorf, Brigitte; Bickel, Balthasar. - : NATL ACAD SCIENCES, 2018
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Abstract:
By force of nature, every bit of spoken language is produced at a particular speed. However, this speed is not constant-speakers regularly speed up and slow down. Variation in speech rate is influenced by a complex combination of factors, including the frequency and predictability of words, their information status, and their position within an utterance. Here, we use speech rate as an index of word-planning effort and focus on the time window during which speakers prepare the production of words from the two major lexical classes, nouns and verbs. We show that, when naturalistic speech is sampled from languages all over the world, there is a robust cross-linguistic tendency for slower speech before nouns compared with verbs, both in terms of slower articulation and more pauses. We attribute this slowdown effect to the increased amount of planning that nouns require compared with verbs. Unlike verbs, nouns can typically only be used when they represent new or unexpected information; otherwise, they have to be replaced by pronouns or be omitted. These conditions on noun use appear to outweigh potential advantages stemming from differences in internal complexity between nouns and verbs. Our findings suggest that, beneath the staggering diversity of grammatical structures and cultural settings, there are robust universals of language processing that are intimately tied to how speakers manage referential information when they communicate with one another.
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Keyword:
ddc:no
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URL: https://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/18594/
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Nouns slow down speech across structurally and culturally diverse languages
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Lexical Tones in Mandarin Chinese Infant-Directed Speech: Age-Related Changes in the Second Year of Life
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Nouns slow down speech across structurally and culturally diverse languages
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